Aleppo Residents Scramble as Fighting Between Syrian Government and Kurdish Forces Intensifies
A fresh wave of violence has engulfed Aleppo, the last major rebel stronghold in Syria, after the Syrian army ordered civilians to evacuate neighbourhoods amidst fighting with Kurdish forces. The clashes are the most intense since the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024, raising concerns of a broader conflict between the government and the well-armed Kurdish authorities controlling much of north-east Syria.
The Syrian government urged residents to leave the three contested neighbourhoods of Sheikh Maqsoud, Ashrafieh, and Bani Zeid by early afternoon, opening humanitarian corridors and displacement shelters. However, shelling resumed shortly after the deadline expired at 1:30 pm local time (1030 GMT), with both sides trading blows.
The SDF denies having any fighters in the neighbourhoods, describing them as local self-defense forces. The Syrian government claims that the SDF used civilians as human shields, not allowing evacuation and shooting at them when they tried.
Displacement mounts
Approximately 140,000 civilians have been displaced since fighting broke out on Tuesday, with at least eight killed in Kurdish-majority neighbourhoods, and seven civilians and one soldier killed in government-controlled areas. Dozens of people are wounded on both sides.
Supporters of the SDF rallied in solidarity outside Qamishli, the de facto capital of the SDF-controlled regions in north-east Syria. A meeting between Damascus and the SDF earlier this week failed to yield any new progress on implementing the agreement, despite the deadline expiring.
US envoy seeks calm
A US state department official urged restraint from all sides, calling for a peaceful, stable Syria that serves the interests of all Syrians. The US has tried to maintain a balancing act between its longtime Kurdish allies and the new authorities in Damascus, with whom it has grown closer.
Turkey's position on SDF further complicates the situation. Hakan Fidan, Turkey's foreign minister, described the SDF as "the biggest obstacle to peace in Syria," while the Turkish defense ministry said it would provide military aid to the government in Damascus if requested.
Escalating conflict
The clashes in Aleppo represent the longest open conflict between the Syrian government and the SDF since an agreement was signed in March 2025. The SDF views US support and its continued military presence as a safeguard against Turkey, which has launched three invasions against it.
Disagreements over SDF status have stalled progress on integrating the group into the new Syrian army. The SDF seeks autonomy under the government, while some factions within the Syrian army have been fighting the SDF for years, exacerbating tensions between them.
A broader conflict looms
The situation in Aleppo is a microcosm of the larger conflict in Syria, with deep-seated disagreements over Kurdish status and control of territory. The US, Turkey, and Russia are all key players in the complex dynamics at play, each pursuing their own interests in the Syrian civil war.
A fresh wave of violence has engulfed Aleppo, the last major rebel stronghold in Syria, after the Syrian army ordered civilians to evacuate neighbourhoods amidst fighting with Kurdish forces. The clashes are the most intense since the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024, raising concerns of a broader conflict between the government and the well-armed Kurdish authorities controlling much of north-east Syria.
The Syrian government urged residents to leave the three contested neighbourhoods of Sheikh Maqsoud, Ashrafieh, and Bani Zeid by early afternoon, opening humanitarian corridors and displacement shelters. However, shelling resumed shortly after the deadline expired at 1:30 pm local time (1030 GMT), with both sides trading blows.
The SDF denies having any fighters in the neighbourhoods, describing them as local self-defense forces. The Syrian government claims that the SDF used civilians as human shields, not allowing evacuation and shooting at them when they tried.
Displacement mounts
Approximately 140,000 civilians have been displaced since fighting broke out on Tuesday, with at least eight killed in Kurdish-majority neighbourhoods, and seven civilians and one soldier killed in government-controlled areas. Dozens of people are wounded on both sides.
Supporters of the SDF rallied in solidarity outside Qamishli, the de facto capital of the SDF-controlled regions in north-east Syria. A meeting between Damascus and the SDF earlier this week failed to yield any new progress on implementing the agreement, despite the deadline expiring.
US envoy seeks calm
A US state department official urged restraint from all sides, calling for a peaceful, stable Syria that serves the interests of all Syrians. The US has tried to maintain a balancing act between its longtime Kurdish allies and the new authorities in Damascus, with whom it has grown closer.
Turkey's position on SDF further complicates the situation. Hakan Fidan, Turkey's foreign minister, described the SDF as "the biggest obstacle to peace in Syria," while the Turkish defense ministry said it would provide military aid to the government in Damascus if requested.
Escalating conflict
The clashes in Aleppo represent the longest open conflict between the Syrian government and the SDF since an agreement was signed in March 2025. The SDF views US support and its continued military presence as a safeguard against Turkey, which has launched three invasions against it.
Disagreements over SDF status have stalled progress on integrating the group into the new Syrian army. The SDF seeks autonomy under the government, while some factions within the Syrian army have been fighting the SDF for years, exacerbating tensions between them.
A broader conflict looms
The situation in Aleppo is a microcosm of the larger conflict in Syria, with deep-seated disagreements over Kurdish status and control of territory. The US, Turkey, and Russia are all key players in the complex dynamics at play, each pursuing their own interests in the Syrian civil war.